A Poem At the Break of War

Written  on March, 19, 2003 as the first bombs drop on Iraq this century.  

By Emma Rosenthal

i can kill the mirror of my own likeness if i do not recognize myself

i can kill you if i do not know that killing you is killing you

i can kill you if i believe you kill me

i can kill you if i have been shattered

i can kill you if i love the sound of shattered glass

i can kill you if i want your death more than i want my life

i can kill you if i think the general is part of me

i can kill you if i love the flag more than the blood that soaks it

i can kill you if  red hands walk down cat walk runways

i can kill you for greed

i can kill you for fashion

i can kill you for land

i can kill you if i have no memory

i can kill you if memory tells me to

i can kill you if i abhor the womb

i can kill you if i despise the breast

i can kill you if the phallus is a weapon

i can kill  you if your children scare me and i wage a war against youth

i can kill you if i hate music

i can kill you if that song keeps playing in my head

i can kill you if the general sings lullabies to me while i sleep

while the general wages war against me

i can kill you if i believe the war is waged for me

i can kill you for privilege

i can kill you for expedience

 i can kill you for luxury

i can kill you if i forget that killing you is killing me

i cannot kill you for truth or hope

i cannot kill you if i know who i see in the mirror

i cannot kill you if i love the womb

i cannot kill you if milk issues from my breasts

i cannot kill you if i know the phallus brings the possibility of life

through the tightness of connection

i cannot kill you if i love windy days on open cliffs

i cannot kill you if the songs of birds wake me before the generals lull me to sleep

i cannot kill you if my skin wakes up electric

i cannot kill you if i have been taught to think

i cannot kill you if i see you when i look in the mirror

i cannot kill you if your name dances in my mind

i cannot kill you if i dance naked in the rain

i cannot kill you if i see you naked and i love your wounds

i cannot kill you if the tides tell the time and the moon lights the night

i cannot kill you if i live on this rock in space and i know we live together

i cannot kill you if our words touch

i cannot kill you if i know you bleed

i cannot kill you if i hear your voice

i cannot kill you if i hear your prayers and chant them with you

i cannot kill you if i know your innocence

i cannot kill you if i see your children resting in your arms

i cannot kill you if i love the general and call him home

i cannot kill you if there is a river in my heart

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On the U.S Mexican Border and the “Colonization” of the U.S. by Mexicans and Israel!!!!

I Thought these links were interesting– a different connection between Amerikan racism and neo-liberal support for Israel. 

These two articles come from rense.com, which seems to be positioned between the  neo-liberal (realist school of foreign policy ), and the neo-Nazi camp. The position on palestine of the realists is essentially zionist, in that it differs from the neo-con position, only on the degree of support for Israel, calling for balance, never challenging the pre 1967 borders, and asserts that the reason to oppose the current position of the U.S. vis a vis Israel is U.S. interests, constantly attacking the neo-cons for being more aligned with Israel than the U.S.– as if that were the key question. It begs the question: if current policy were in U.S. interest, would it be okay?   

Isn’t the real issue, self-determination and human rights? 

And what about findley’s quote below? When has the U.S. been beloved worldwide? what about U.S. intervention in Vietnam (which, as a congressman, Findley supported); in Central america (which Findley supported); in apartheid South Africa (which Findley supported), in occupied amerika (which Findley supported!)

“Once beloved worldwide, the U.S. government finds itself reviled in most countries because it provides unconditional support of Israeli violations of the United Nations Charter, international law, and the precepts of all major religious faiths.”-former U.S. Congressman paul findley. 

Neo-liberalism disagrees with neo-Naziism, in the degree to which it condemns “Jewish”  power and world domination; sometimes differentiating between zionism and Jews, though not always.  Neo-Nazis see Jews and Judaism as essentially evil and this evil is the causative factor, often citing obscure passages from Talmud or referencing hoaxes like the “Elders of Zion.”  Both groups are concerned that Zionist Jews (as opposed to other Zionists) have dual and competing allegiances,  compromising Amerikan interests for the interests of a foreign power.  Neo-Nazis  also question the significance and number of Jewish deaths at the hands of the Nazi regime during WWII and deny that there was a specific program to destroy the European Jewish population, that all wars have casualties, and Jews were not singled out for extermination, but simply died as a consequence of war.  

Both neo-liberals and neo-nazis see amerika as a victim of outside interests and colonization, not aggressors.  glaringly reflected in the similarities between the Israeli and Amerikan narrative. Zionists repeatedly refrain that Israel is a small country surrounded by hostile Arabs. Amerikan white supremacists, once surrounded by “hostile savage natives” now lament that Amerika is controlled by forces outside, or outside groups from within,  that muddy amerikan democracy and interests.

Realists are not white supremacists in the KKK nazi tradition; it is too simplistic to paint them with the same brush, though they do share many core positions. They are white supremacists in the arrogant assumption of their own entitlement and correctness: the rightness of whiteness; the assumption of U.S. supremacy and interest as its own ethic; the acceptance without question of U.S. hegemony and power. The problem with supporting Israel, to the realists, doesn’t lie in human rights or social justice, but because they (the realists), see such support as a threat to continued U.S. global hegemony.  It’s a strategic question, not a moral one, nor one that requires personal sacrifice or loss of privilege;  quite the opposite.  In this regard (to paraphrase activist, Naomi Jaffe) the neo-cons are the idealists.  The realists understand the limits of U.S. global domination and militarism, as well as the price, including the inability of the U.S. to contain popular uprisings and movements within the Americas.  The neo-cons wish to expand empire as if there were no limits or consequences to the empire itself.  

I provide these links, not as an endorsement of their positions, because mine is quite contrary to the thesis of either of these articles, but rather to expose the iniquity and agenda of these schools of thought. 

Politics does make strange bedfellow. But I think it is extremely important to consider who someone is, before jumping into bed with them.

http://www.rense.com/general54/colony.htm
http://www.rense.com/general29/lib.htm

-Emma Rosenthal

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IRAQ AND MIDDLE EAST PEACE FORUM hosted by Sonali Kolhatkar

Sonali Kolhatkar serves on the Advisory Board of Cafe Intifada

_______________

May 29th, 2008, Thursday 7:30 pm  Golden Eagle Building, 3rd Floor Ballroom At Cal State LA!

Moderated by SONALI KOLHATKAR of KPFK 90.7 FM and “Afghan Women’s Mission” 

 

Speakers Include:

RAED JARRAR, an Iraqi political analyst and consultant to American Friends Service Committee’s/Iraq Program currently based in Washington, D.C.  After the U.S.-led invasion, Jarrar became the country director for CIVIC Worldwide, the only door-to-door casualty survey group in post-war Iraq.  He then established Emaar, (meaning “reconstruction” in Arabic); a grassroots organization that provided humanitarian and political aid to Iraqi internally displaced persons (IDPs).  Emaar delivered medicine and food as well as helped initiate micro-enterprise projects for IDPs.  Additionally, Emaar engaged in political advocacy on behalf of displaced populations.

COL. ANN WRIGHT, who resigned from the U.S. Foreign Service on March 19, 2003, while serving as Deputy Chief of Mission at the US Embassy in Mongolia. She resigned due to her disagreement with the Bush administration’s decision to go to war in Iraq without the authorization of the UN Security Council, the lack of effort in resolving the Israel-Palestinian situation, the lack of policy on North Korea and unnecessary curtailment of civil liberties in the United States. Ms. Wright joined the Foreign Service in 1987 and served as Deputy Chief of Mission of US Embassies in Sierra Leone, Micronesia and briefly in Afghanistan. Before entering the Foreign Service, she served in the Army and has a combined regular Army/Army Reserve service time of 29 years. She served primarily in special operations units and attained the rank of Colonel. Ann Wright will also have her book for sale at the event, titled “Dissent: Voices of Conscience” about how government insiders speak out against the Iraq War.

     

EDGAR CUEVAS, who was stationed in Germany for three years as a Cavalry Scout for the United States Army. Twelve days before his contract was about to expire he was Stop Lossed and forced to serve in Iraq for a year and a half. He served in Iraq from February of 2004 through March of 2005. He was stationed in Tikrit and witnessed innocent people being mishandled and tortured. He is a member of ‘Iraq Veterans Against the War” in Los Angeles.

Sponsored by the Student Friends Service Committee of CSULA. Co-sponsored by the Humanist Association at CSULA. Info: call (310) 795-2235 The California State University at Los Angeles campus is located at the intersection of the 10 and 710 freeways. A campus map and parking instructions can be found at http://www.calstatela.edu/univ/maps/cslamap.htm 

                                               

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Iraqi Labor Solidarity Tour Part IV

Saturday June 9, 2007 7:30 PM Community/Labor Solidarity Forum United Teachers Los Angeles

Sunday June 10, 2007; Arlington West

<> Saturday, June 9, 2007
Community Solidarity Forum
United Teachers Los Angeles
UTLA Headquarters

The community forum, hosted at UTLA headquarters, was the largest of the events on the Los Angeles leg of the Iraqi Labor Solidarity Tour. In addition to the featured speakers, the audience heard from Military Families Speak Out and Iraq Veterans Against the War. L.A. USLAW member and a retired member of UTLA, Emma Rosenthal read “Poem at the Break of War” which she wrote on the night the current war first broke out. The meeting ended, after a lengthy question and answer period, with LAUSLAW member, Lenny Potash, Exec. Bd. member AFSCME Retiree Chapter 36 leading the assembly in the chorus of Solidarity Forever.

Overall, the Los Angeles leg of the tour raised over $4000 towards labor organizing in Iraq.
<><>

<>

Faleh Abood Umara, General Secretary Southern Oil Company Union, Iraqi Federation of Oil Unions, Omar Jubran (interpreter)
Hashmeya Muhsin Hussein, President Electrical Utility Workers Union, General Federation of Iraqi Workers , Omar Jubran (interpreter,)

Hameed Saba (interpreter,) Hashmeya Muhsin Hussein, President Electrical Utility Workers Union, General Federation of Iraqi Workers, Faleh Abood Umara, General Secretary Southern Oil Company Union, Iraqi Federation of Oil Unions, Omar Jubran (interpreter)

Pat Aliso, Military Families Speak Out- O.C., Rosanna Cambron, Military Families Speak Out-L.A, Don White, CISPES and Committee to End Israeli Apartheid-SC, Marci Winograd, Progressive Democrats of Los Angeles

Jabbar Magruder, Iraq Veterans Against the War, Cameron White, Iraq Veterans Against the War, Marci Winograd, Progressive Democrats of Los Angeles

Hashmeya Muhsin Hussein, President Electrical Utility Workers Union, General Federation of Iraqi Workers, Hameed Saba (interpreter,) Faleh Abood Umara, General Secretary Southern Oil Company Union, Iraqi Federation of Oil Unions, Cameron White, Iraq Veterans Against the War, Jabbar Magruder, Iraq Veterans Against the War.

<>
<>
Abid Khalaf (interpreter), Faleh Abood Umara, General Secretary Southern Oil Company Union, Iraqi Federation of Oil Unions, Hashmeya Muhsin Hussein, President Electrical Utility Workers Union, General Federation of Iraqi Workers, Hameed Saba (interpreter,) Omar Jubran (interpreter,) Emma Rosenthal, Café Intifada, L.A. Palestine Labor Solidarity Committee, Marcie Winograd, Progressive Democrats-Los Angeles. Photo by Tom McKenzie, Los Angeles U.S. Labor Against the War.

<>

Emma Rosenthal, Café Intifada, L.A. Palestine Labor Solidarity Committee, photo by Tom McKenszie

<> <>

Don White makes the pitch (Don White, CISPES and Committee to End Israeli Apartheid-SC)

<>

Tom McKenzie, Los Angeles U.S. Labor Against the War, Faleh Abood Umara, General Secretary Southern Oil Company Union, Iraqi Federation of Oil Unions, Andy Griggs, U.S. Labor Against the War

Solidarity Forever led by Lenny Potash, Exec. Bd. member AFSCME Retiree Chapter 36, AFSCME Council 36-retired. L.A. U.S. Labor Against the War

Sunday, June 10, 2007
8:30 AM
Arlington West Visit
Arlington West, Santa Monica Beach, by the Pier

Every Sunday, on the beach on the north side of the pier, often starting as early as 3 am, Veterans Against the War set out crosses, stars of David and crescents to represent the U.S. military casualties of the war in Iraq. This display has been named, “Arlington West.” As Southern Californians come to the beach to play in the sand, swim, surf, sunbathe, walk on the pier and eat in the restaurants they are confronted with what has grown into a large monument, reminding us all, that while we play, we are a country at war, both here and at home, against the wills of the people of the United States and the people of Iraq.

As the project has grown, the vets have had to substitute red stars for every ten deaths. A sign at the walkway from the pier acknowledges that were the vets to set out crosses for the Iraqi dead, they would fill the entire beach.

Over time, visitors to the pier and to Arlington West have labeled the crosses with the names of loved ones killed in the adventures of empire. These personal tributes include flags, rosaries and other mementos for those who have died. The vets maintain these items in folders which are positioned in front of each cross then the items are removed and placed on each marker, collected at the end of the day and stored in the folders, in large plastic bins until the next Sunday.

The Iraqi Labor Solidarity Tour visited Arlington West at 8:30 in the morning and the set up was very much under way, but still very much in progress. Faleh and Hashmeya were able to meet with the vets, drape Casey Sheehan’s cross and help arrange crosses, crescents and stars in the sand.

This display and the labor of love and commitment is overwhelming. It is a growing monument to loss and grief and death; containing in the devotion of the vets, the vision of a very different future.

The love that goes into this weekly ritual, this enormous commitment, this devotion of illumination should be enough. This much work, one would think, would be sufficient to bring about a very different world.

Idris J. Al-Oboudi, (interpreter,) Faleh Abood Umara, General Secretary Southern Oil Company Union, Iraqi Federation of Oil Unions, Hashmeya Muhsin Hussein, President Electrical Utility Workers Union, General Federation of Iraqi Workers speaking with volunteers and activists who assemble Arlington West every Sunday

Kathleen Hernandez, Veterans for Peace

\

Hashmeya Muhsin Hussein, President Electrical Utility Workers Union, General Federation of Iraqi Workers and Jill Newman, Los Angeles artist and educator

<>

Hashmeya Muhsin Hussein, President Electrical Utility Workers Union, General Federation of Iraqi Workers and Faleh Abood Umara, General Secretary Southern Oil Company Union, Iraqi Federation of Oil Unions installing crosses at Arlington West

Andy Griggs, US Labor Against the War, Kathleen Hernandez, Veterans for Peace, Hashmeya Muhsin Hussein, President Electrical Utility Workers Union, General Federation of Iraqi Workers, Faleh Abood Umara, General Secretary Southern Oil Company Union, Iraqi Federation of Oil Unions, Idris J. Al-Oboudi, (interpreter,) Abid Khalaf (interpreter)
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Demonstration Tomorrow!

On August 12, Tens of Thousands are Marching_Gather 1 pm, Olympic & Broadway, Los Angeles_All Out to Stop the War on Lebanon & Palestine!
Saturday, August 12, 1 pm_Gather Olympic & Broadway, Los Angeles_Click here for map and driving directions__For more info call 323-464-1636 or e-mail answerla@answerla.org._
Please donate now!
This is a critical time and we need to raise funds immediately. We are contracting for sound, stage, porta johns, and paying for posters, leaflets, placards.
Click here to donate!
Even at this last moment, organizers around Southern California are forming more car pools, ride shares and vans to come to the mass march in downtown Los Angeles on Aug. 12. We just spoke with a family who is bringing around 75 people to Aug. 12 in LA. That’s just one example. Dozens of calls like this are flooding the office daily. And in Washington, D.C., tens of thousands are coming in buses from around the country to march on the White House.

Invite your friends, family, coworkers and everyone you know to the Aug. 12 protest in Los Angeles. The people of Lebanon must see that the people of the United States are standing with them against the brutal and barbaric assault on their country and their families.

The Israeli government has approved a massive ground invasion. Thousands more are likely to die as Bush and the Israeli government pursue the fantasy that they can conquer the Lebanese people and incorporate their country into their sphere of influence by brute force. At this moment, while the Israelis are poised to send tens of thousands of additional troops into Lebanon, the people of Lebanon are already without water, food, medicine, their homes demolished. Fifty-five percent of the people in hospitals from the strikes so far are children. The courage and strength of the Lebanese people is inspiring people throughout the world.
“Red Alert” Trying to Change the Subject
What would you expect from Bush at the moment that the people of this country have turned so decisively against his policy of endless war in Iraq, and now in Lebanon? What else can the White House do when it knows that mass anti-war protests are going to fill up the streets around the White House and in Los Angeles and other cities this Saturday as the people of the United States show that they are joining the rest of the world in condemning the brutal and barbaric assault against Lebanon and Gaza?
We know the drill. Red Alerts, Orange Alerts, dramatic “we are at war” press conferences, the invoking (again) of Sept. 11, as an act of cynical political manipulation. We are experiencing again the only tactic that the Bush White House and their buddies in the so-called free press believe might, might work at momentarily distracting or paralyzing the people from mass action against their criminal acts. Mr. Bush is trying to change the subject but it won’t work!
On Aug. 12, tens of thousands of people will defy the hype and take to the streets to expose the terrorism Israel inflicts with U.S. bombs and weapons. Bush wants the media to focus on something other than the growing anti-war movement in the United States.
Every mass movement whose time has come, whose ideas are contagion encounters the lies and propaganda of the status quo and the powers that be. And every historically valid movement rises to the occasion, displays its determination and mobilizes the people to struggle for justice.
Aug 12 Logistics(maps, parking and more)__Volunteer    Endorse    Flyer   Donate__The Aug. 12 protest was initiated by National Council of Arab Americans (NCA), Muslim American Society Freedom Foundation, A.N.S.W.E.R. Coalition, Free Palestine Alliance, Palestinian American Women’s Association. Co-sponsored by Council on American-Islamic Relations (CAIR), Islamic Shura Council of Southern California, Muslim Student Association-West, El-Bireh Palestine Society, Al-Watan, Al-Alam Al-Arabi, Palestine Aid Society, Students for Justice in Palestine-UCLA, Middle Eastern Student Society-CSUF, Al-Bireh Society, Qaqish Family Society, Project Islamic Hope, Arab Student Union-UC Riverside, Union of Palestinian American Women, Alliance for Just and Lasting Peace in the Philippines, National Lawyers Guild, Latino Movement USA, Party for Socialism and Liberation, Korean Americans for Peace, Global Womens Strike, Fellowship of Reconciliation, Global Resistance Network, Women in Black, Riverside Area Peace and Justice Action, Cafe Intifada, The WE Project, Los Angeles Palestine Labor Solidarity Committee, Los Angeles Latino Muslim Association, International Socialist Organization, Radical Women, Bolivarian Circle of Los Angeles “Ezequiel Zamora,” Musicians for Truth and Justice, Progressive Iranians for Peace in Middle East, Patrick Henry Democratic Club and hundreds more.__—————————————————__A.N.S.W.E.R. Coalition-LA_Act Now to Stop War and End Racism_323-464-1636_http://www.answerla.org_answerla@answerla.org_1800 Argyle Ave, #410_Los Angeles, CA 90028_Join us each Tues at 7 pm for A.N.S.W.E.R. Activists Meetings.
—————————————————
A.N.S.W.E.R. COALITION LA (Act Now to Stop War & End Racism)

TO DONATE CALL 323-464-1636. YOU CAN USE MC/VISA OVER THE PHONE OR MAIL CHECK TO ANSWER-LA, 1800 ARGYLE AVE, #410, LA, CA 90028

TAX DEDUCTIBLE CHECKS OF $50 OR MORE CAN BE MADE TO
PROGRESS UNITY FUND

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Art and Activism: My Lover in Unequal Parts: Rheim Alkadhi

From my friend, Iraqi-American artist, Rheim, Alkadhi.  -Powerful images in film and word!  -Emma
Dear friends:

Just a quick email to let you know that I have a
little piece in the online magazine, ArteEast.  I hope
you will take a look:

http://www.arteeast.org/artenews/artenews-articles2006/rheim-alkadhi/artenews-r-alkadhi.html

Rheim

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Basic Statistics for United States Imperialism

This amazing compilation has been circulating the web.  It appears to have been published anonymously, and there are some flaws in the research.  But for the most part, it is an amazing list of indictments of the ravages and the history of U.S. empire.  At the end of the lists are a plethora of resources also worth checking out!  -Emma Rosenthal,  Cafe Intifada
_________________________________________________________________________________________
Basic Statistics for United States Imperialism
<>Contents:
1—list of interventions for “regime change”
2—list of air warfare campaigns
3—list of client states
4—list of states held by debt-leverage imperialism
5—list of foreign base hosts
6—list of murder toll
7—list of unsavory rightists supported
8—list of perverted international bodies
9—list of interventions for opposing liberation
10—list of interventions pre-1941
11—list of covert operations
12—list of front organizations
13—list of low intensity conflicts
14—list of proxy wars
15—list of foreign policy doctrines
16—list of propaganda campaigns
<> Bibliography
Useful Periodicals
Relevant Hyperlinks
1.                    Chronological list of interventions, with the purpose of effecting “regime change,” attempted or materially supported by the United States—whether primarily by means of overt force (OF), covert operation (CO), or subverted election (SE):
<> <> a) OF and SE imply, necessarily, prior and continuing CO. <>

b) OF = directly applied state terrorism by the United States repressive apparatus i.e. the Departments of War/Defense, Energy, Treasury, and State. N.B. the formation of the National Security Council (1947) and the Office of Homeland Security (2002). <>

c) CO = reconnaissance, classical coups d’etat, legal harassment, disinformation (through media, legal, NGO, student, labor, and other front groups), bribery, sabotage, assassination, proxy warfare, running ratlines for fascist émigré groups, and assorted other clandestine activities. <>

d) SE = a particular species of CO, comparatively non-violent, high plausible deniability, usually involves dumping tons of cash and campaign technologies into the hands of rightist groups during elections, sowing discord in leftist parties, buying up media space in order to destabilize electorates, tampering directly with ballot results, and hiring jackboots to actively threaten and brutalize voters in the last resort. NB many subverted elections are preceded by lengthy terror campaigns (e.g. Nicaragua, El Salvador, Yugoslavia, etc). <> It should go without saying that the following entries are simplified; only the major “payoff” year is listed, where applicable.  Most attempted overthrows were preceded by lengthy preparations—vast right wing conspiracies, indeed.  NB that this list remains under construction; new data will be added in the next installment. <>

[Date – place (head of targeted state/candidate in subverted election; political affiliation): outcome (means)] <>
The * indicates that I’m not clever enough to have found the absent data yet. Apologies. <>

“Neutralist” refers to a given regime’s desire to avoid taking sides with either power bloc in the cold war. It should be readily apparent that such is an unforgivable sin against the foreign policy establishment in the United States. <>

“Nationalist” refers to a given regime’s desire to nationalize foreign-owned means of production within its national boundaries.  It should be readily apparent that such is an unforgivable sin against the foreign policy establishment in the United States. <>

1893 – Hawaii (Liliuokalani; monarchist): success (OF)
1912 – China (Piyu; monarchist): success (OF)
1918 – Panama (Arias; center-right): success (SE)
1919 – Hungary (Kun; communist): success (CO)
1920 – USSR (Lenin; communist): failure (OF)
1924 – Honduras (Carias; nationalist): success (SE)
1934 – United States (Roosevelt; liberal): failure (CO)
1945 – Japan (Higashikuni; rightist): success (OF)
1946 – Thailand (Pridi; conservative): success (CO)
1946 – Argentina (Peron; military/centrist): failure (SE)
1947 – France (*; communist): success (SE)
1947 – Philippines (*; center-left): success (SE)
1947 – Romania (Gheorghiu-Dej; stalinist): failure (CO)
1948 – Italy (*, communist): success (SE)
1948 – Colombia (Gaitan; populist/leftist): success (SE)
1948 – Peru (Bustamante; left/centrist): success (CO)
1949 – Syria (Kuwatli; neutralist/Pan-Arabist): success (CO)
1949 – China (Mao; communist): failure (CO)
1950 – Albania (Hoxha; communist): failure (CO)
1951 – Bolivia (Paz; center/neutralist): success (CO)
1951 – DPRK (Kim; stalinist): failure (OF)
1951 – Poland (Cyrankiewicz; stalinist): failure (CO)
1951 – Thailand (Phibun; conservative): success (CO)
1952 – Egypt (Farouk; monarchist): success (CO)
1952 – Cuba (Prio; reform/populist): success (CO)
1952 – Lebanon (*; left/populist): success: (SE)
1953 – British Guyana (*; left/populist): success (CO)
1953 – Iran (Mossadegh; liberal nationalist): success (CO)
1953 – Costa Rica (Figueres; reform liberal): failure (CO)
1953 – Philippines (*; center-left): success (SE)
1954 – Guatemala (Arbenz; liberal nationalist): success (OF)
1955 – Costa Rica (Figueres; reform liberal): failure (CO)
1955 – India (Nehru; neutralist/socialist): failure (CO)
1955 – Argentina (Peron; military/centrist): success (CO)
1955 – China (Zhou; communist): failure (CO)
1955 – Vietnam (Ho; communist): success (SE)
1956 – Hungary (Hegedus; communist): success (CO)
1957 – Egypt (Nasser; military/nationalist): failure (CO)
1957 – Haiti (Sylvain; left/populist): success (CO)
1957 – Syria (Kuwatli; neutralist/Pan-Arabist): failure (CO)
1958 – Japan (*; left-center): success (SE)
1958 – Chile (*; leftists): success (SE)
1958 – Iraq (Feisal; monarchist): success (CO)
1958 – Laos (Phouma; nationalist): success (CO)
1958 – Sudan (Sovereignty Council; nationalist): success (CO)
1958 – Lebanon (*; leftist): success (SE)
1958 – Syria (Kuwatli; neutralist/Pan-Arabist): failure (CO)
1958 – Indonesia (Sukarno; militarist/neutralist): failure (SE)
1959 – Laos (Phouma; nationalist): success (CO)
1959 – Nepal (*; left-centrist): success (SE)
1959 – Cambodia (Sihanouk; moderate/neutralist): failure (CO)
1960 – Ecuador (Ponce; left/populist): success (CO)
1960 – Laos (Phouma; nationalist): success (CO)
1960 – Iraq (Qassem; rightist /militarist): failure (CO)
1960 – S. Korea (Syngman; rightist): success (CO)
1960 – Turkey (Menderes; liberal): success (CO)
1961 – Haiti (Duvalier; rightist/militarist): success (CO)
1961 – Cuba (Castro; communist): failure (CO)
1961 – Congo (Lumumba; leftist/pan-Africanist): success (CO)
1961 – Dominican Republic (Trujillo; rightwing/military): success (CO)
1962 – Brazil (Goulart; liberal/neutralist): failure (SE)
1962 – Dominican Republic (*; left/populist): success (SE)
1962 – Indonesia (Sukarno; militarist/neutralist): failure (CO)
1963 – Dominican Republic (Bosch; social democrat): success (CO)
1963 – Honduras (Montes; left/populist): success (CO)
1963 – Iraq (Qassem; militarist/rightist): success (CO)
1963 – S. Vietnam (Diem; rightist): success (CO)
1963 – Cambodia (Sihanouk; moderate/neutralist): failure (CO)
1963 – Guatemala (Ygidoras; rightist/reform): success (CO)
1963 – Ecuador (Velasco; reform militarist): success (CO)
1963 – United States (Kennedy; liberal): success (CO)
1964 – Guyana (Jagan; populist/reformist): success (CO)
1964 – Bolivia (Paz; centrist/neutralist): success (CO)
1964 – Brazil (Goulart; liberal/neutralist): success (CO)
1964 – Chile (Allende; social democrat/marxist): success (SE)
1965 – Indonesia (Sukarno; militarist/neutralist): success (CO)
1966 – Ghana (Nkrumah; leftist/pan-Africanist): success (CO)
1966 – Bolivia (*; leftist): success (SE)
1966 – France (de Gaulle; centrist): failure (CO)
1967 – Greece (Papandreou; social democrat): success (CO)
1968 – Iraq (Arif; rightist): success (CO)
1969 – Panama (Torrijos; military/reform populist): failure (CO)
1969 – Libya (Idris; monarchist): success (CO)
1970 – Bolivia (Ovando; reform nationalist): success (CO)
1970 – Cambodia (Sihanouk; moderate/neutralist): success (CO)
1970 – Chile (Allende; social democrat/Marxist): failure (SE)
1971 – Bolivia (Torres; nationalist/neutralist): success (CO)
1971 – Costa Rica (Figueres; reform liberal): failure (CO)
1971 – Liberia (Tubman; rightist): success (CO)
1971 – Turkey (Demirel; center-right): success (CO)
1971 – Uruguay (Frente Amplio; leftist): success (SE)
1972 – El Salvador (*; leftist): success (SE)
1972 – Australia (Whitlam; liberal/labor): failure (SE)
1973 – Chile (Allende; social democrat/Marxist): success (CO)
1974 – United States (Nixon; centrist): success (CO)
1975 – Australia (Whitlam; liberal/labor): success (CO)
1975 – Congo (Mobutu; military/rightist): failure (CO)
1975 – Bangladesh (Mujib; nationalist): success (CO)
1976 – Jamaica (Manley; social democrat): failure (SE)
1976 – Portugal (JNS; military/leftist): success (SE)
1976 – Nigeria (Mohammed; military/nationalist): success (CO)
1976 – Thailand (*; rightist): success (CO)
1976 – Uruguay (Bordaberry; center-right): success (CO)
1977 – Pakistan (Bhutto: center/nationalist): success (CO)
1978 – Dominican Republic (Balaguer; center): success (SE)
1979 – S. Korea (Park; rightist): success (CO)
1979 – Nicaragua (Sandinistas; leftist): failure (CO)
1980 – Bolivia (Siles; centrist/reform): success (CO)
1980 – Iran (Khomeini; Islamic nationalist): failure (CO)
1980 – Italy (*; leftist): success (SE)
1980 – Liberia (Tolbert; rightist): success (CO)
1980 – Jamaica (Manley; social democrat): success (SE)
1980 – Dominica (Seraphin; leftist): success (SE)
1980 – Turkey (Demirel; center-right): success (CO)
1981 – Seychelles (René; socialist): failure (CO)
1981 – Spain (Suarez; rightist/neutralist): failure (CO)
1981 – Panama (Torrijos; military/reform populist); success (CO)
1981 – Zambia (Kaunda; reform nationalist): failure (CO)
1982 – Mauritius (*; center-left): failure (SE)
1982 – Spain (Suarez; rightist/neutralist): success (SE)
1982 – Iran (Khomeini; Islamic nationalist): failure (CO)
1982 – Chad (Oueddei; Islamic nationalist): success (CO)
1983 – Mozambique (Machel; socialist): failure (CO)
1983 – Grenada (Bishop; socialist): success (OF)
1984 – Panama (*; reform/centrist): success (SE)
1984 – Nicaragua (Sandinistas; leftist): failure (SE)
1984 – Surinam (Bouterse; left/reformist/neutralist): success (CO)
1984 – India (Gandhi; nationalist): success (CO)
1986 – Libya (Qaddafi; Islamic nationalist): failure (OF)
1987 – Fiji (Bavrada; liberal):  success (CO)
1989 – Panama (Noriega; military/reform populist): success (OF)
1990 – Haiti (Aristide; liberal reform): failure (SE)
1990 – Nicaragua (Ortega; Christian socialist): success (SE)
1991 – Albania (Alia; communist): success (SE)
1991 – Haiti (Aristide; liberal reform): success (CO)
1991 – Iraq (Hussein; military/rightist): failure (OF)
1991 – Bulgaria (BSP; communist): success (SE)
1992 – Afghanistan (Najibullah; communist): success (CO)
1993 – Somalia (Aidid; right/militarist): failure (OF)
1993 – Cambodia (Han Sen/CPP; leftist): failure (SE)
1993 – Burundi (Ndadaye; conservative): success (CO)
1994 – El Salvador (*; leftist): success (SE)
1994 – Rwanda (Habyarimana; conservative): success (CO)
1994 – Ukraine (Kravchuk; center-left): success (SE)
1996 – Bosnia (Karadzic; centrist): success (CO)
1996 – Russia (Zyuganov; communist): success (SE)
1996 – Congo (Mobutu; military/rightist): success (CO)
1996 – Mongolia (*; center-left): success (SE)
1998 – Congo (Kabila; rightist/military): success (CO)
1998 – United States (Clinton; conservative): failure (CO)
1998 – Indonesia (Suharto; military/rightist): success (CO)
1999 – Yugoslavia (Milosevic; left/nationalist): success (SE)
2000 – United States (Gore; conservative): success (SE)
2000 – Ecuador (NSC; leftist): success: (CO)
2001 – Afghanistan (Omar; rightist/Islamist): success (OF)
2001 – Belarus (Lukashenko; leftist): failure (SE)
2001 – Nicaragua (Ortega; Christian socialist): success (SE)
2001 – Nepal (Birendra; nationalist/monarchist): success (CO)
2002 – Venezuela (Chavez; reform-populist): failure (CO)
2002 – Bolivia (Morales; leftist/MAS): success (SE)
2002 – Brazil (Lula; center-left): failure (SE)

We should keep in mind that the goals of the imperialist in each of these instances are multiple: acquisition of access to local “markets” of all varieties; imposition of neoliberal policy; destruction of any potential alternative to the techno-fascist ruling order; provision of incentive for a sprawling parasitical and parastatal medical-intelligence-military-industrial complex (MIMIC); production of official “villains” for propaganda purposes; intimidation of non-combatants (as in the year 1945), and continuing political hegemony of the transnational elite based in DC.
2.                    Chronological list of US air warfare campaigns:
<>                 Japan (1943-45): conventional; incendiary; nuclear
China (1945-49): conventional; biological
Korea (1950-53): conventional; biological; chemical; incendiary
China (1951-52): conventional; biological; chemical
Guatemala (1954): conventional
Indonesia (1958): conventional
Cuba (1959-61): conventional; (biochemical attacks in other years)
Guatemala (1960): conventional
Vietnam (1961-73): conventional; chemical; biological; cluster
Congo (1964): conventional
Peru (1965): conventional
Laos (1964-73): conventional; chemical; biological; cluster
Guatemala (1967-69): conventional
Cambodia (1969-70): conventional; chemical; biological
Cambodia (1975): conventional
El Salvador (1980-89): conventional
Nicaragua (1980-89): conventional
Grenada (1983): conventional
Lebanon (1983-4): conventional
Syria (1984): conventional
Libya (1986): conventional
Iran (1987): conventional
Panama (1989): conventional; chemical; biological
Iraq (1991-2002): conventional; chemical; biological; cluster; DU
Kuwait (1991): conventional; chemical; biological; cluster; DU
Somalia (1993): conventional
Bosnia (1993-95): conventional; cluster; DU
Sudan (1998): conventional; biological
Afghanistan  (1998): conventional
Yugoslavia (1999): conventional; chemical; biological; cluster; DU
Afghanistan (2001-02): conventional; chemical; biological; cluster; DU

3.                    Chronological list of US client states: [under construction]
<>                 1847 – Liberia: to present
1848 – Mexico: to 1911
1893 – Hawaii: to 1959
1899 – Cuba: to 1959
1903 – Dominican Republic: to present
1903 – Honduras: to present
1912 – China: to 1949
1922 – Italy: to 1941
1928 – Portugal: to 1974
1933 – Germany: to 1941
1939 – Spain: to present
1943 – Italy: to present
1944 – Saudi Arabia: to present
1945 – France: to 1965
1945 – Japan: to present
1945 – West Germany: to 1960
1945 – South Korea: to present
1945 – Burma: to 1962
1946 – Thailand: to present
1947 – Greece: to 1964
1947 – Turkey: to present
1948 – Israel: to present
1949 – Taiwan: to present
1950 – Colombia: to present
1952 – Australia: to present
1952 – Lebanon: to present
1952 – New Zealand: to 1985
1953 – Iran: to 1979
1954 – Guatemala: to present
1954 – Pakistan: to present
1959 – Paraguay: to present
1955 – South Vietnam: to 1975
1957 – Haiti: to present
1957 – Jordan: to present
1960 – Congo/Zaire: to present
1963 – Iraq: to 1990
1964 – Bolivia: to present
1964 – Brazil: to present
1965 – Greece: to present
1965 – Peru: to present
1966 – Central African Republic: to present
1969 – Oman: to present
1970 – Egypt: to present
1970 – Cambodia: to 1979
1970 – Uruguay: to present
1975 – Morocco: to present
1976 – Portugal: to present
1978 – Kenya: to present
1978 – S. Africa: to 1990
1979 – Yemen: to present
1979 – Somalia: to 1991
1982 – Chad: to present
1982 – Mexico: to present
1984 – Brunei: to present
1988 – Burma: to present
1992 – Angola: to 2002
1993 – Azerbaijan: to present
1993 – Eritrea: to present
1993 – Nigeria: to present
1994 – Ukraine: to present
1995 – Ethiopia: to present
2000 – Kyrgyzstan: to present
2001 – Afghanistan: to present
[all of Latin America (sans Mexico, Venezuela, Costa Rica, Cuba 1964-1990); a legion of others ]
<> 4.                    Chronological list of states held in the manacles of debt-leverage imperialism:  <>
N.B. these states are held in the thralldom of “odious debt” imposed upon them by (typically) quasi-fascistic regimes who 1) often enough were empowered via United States state terrorism and 2) accepted the terms of United States dominated Bretton Woods restructuring programs.  <>

Many countries found themselves in dire monetary and fiscal straits in the early 1980s—after the Nixon shocks, the various oil embargoes, and the Volcker interest rate hikes.  At this time of the debt crisis, the IMF and World Bank became “lenders of last resort” for regimes unable to meet balance of payments obligations to imperialist-controlled banks—but such lending comes with a cost:  dismantle any and all policies that don’t adhere to the mystical mantras of neoliberalism (ie such policies as protectionism, capital regulation, state industry, wage control, labor and environmental regulation, resistance to currency devaluation, autochthonous/non-export production, etc had to go); such is the nature of the structural adjustment program (SAP).  <>

Note further that these policies were the Reaganites’ answer to the “Crisis of Democracy” (as defined by the geniuses in the Trilateral Commission) that was occurring on a global scale and to the relative loss of US geopolitical power in the late 1970s.  In order to disrupt the G-77, UNCTAD, and other international movements modeled on the success of OPEC, the debt crisis and its neoliberal response were engineered for the sake of ushering in a new world order of managed friggin’ chaos.  It is good to recall that a number of countries that have refused SAP have been attacked (e.g., Serbia) and/or destabilized (e.g., Belarus).  It is also prudent to realize that many an “ethnic,” “religious,” or otherwise vaguely described “civil” war has been caused directly by SAP (e.g., Somalia, Yugoslavia). <>

Moreover note that the meaning of “debt crisis” is that subjugated nations that were unable to meet balance of payments obligations to imperialist-controlled banks threatened the survival of such banks, and thus this privately held debt was transferred to public institutions, thereby socializing risk while insuring the sanctity of corporate profit. (I.e., “crisis” does not here refer to those horrors being inflicted on subjugated peoples.) <>

[Year of initial SAP implementation – nations] <>

1980 – Jamaica
1981 – Brazil; Mauritius; Uganda <>
1982 – Mexico; Ecuador; Bangladesh; Central African Republic; Argentina; Tanzania <>
1983 – Chile; Ghana; Kenya; Malawi; Niger; Somalia <>
1984 – Congo/Zaire; Mauritania; Senegal <>
1985 – Bolivia; Botswana; Costa Rica; Gambia; Guinea; Sao Tome <>
1986 – Madagascar; Nigeria; Philippines; Sierra Leone; Tunisia <>
1987 – Zambia; Algeria; Guinea-Bissau; Mozambique; Sudan; Yugoslavia <>
1988 – Equatorial Guinea; Guyana; Hungary; Pakistan; Sri Lanka <>
1989 – Cameroon; El Salvador; Jordan; Lesotho; Trinidad; Venezuela; Congo (RC); Togo <>
1990 – Colombia; Czech Republic; Nicaragua; Peru; Rwanda <>
1991 – Angola; Burkina Faso; Cote d’Ivoire; Egypt; Ethiopia; India; Romania; Zimbabwe <>
1992 – Latvia; Reunion; Ukraine; Belarus; Azerbaijan; Georgia; Armenia; Kazakhstan; Uzbekistan; Moldova
1993 – Benin; Gabon; Russia; S. Africa; Surinam <>
1994 – Eritrea; Cambodia; Haiti; Mali <>
1995 – Seychelles; Swaziland; Tajikistan <>
1996 – Bosnia-Herzegovina; Comoros; Uruguay <>
1997 – Bulgaria; Djibouti; Indonesia <>
1998 – Mongolia; Paraguay; S. Korea; Thailand; Yemen <>
1999 – Kosovo <>

5.      Rough chronological list of foreign territories “hosting” US military installations.  The range of years for each group attempts to indicate when the country in question first began its role as “host” for US military facilities.  NB I’m still corroborating these. [under construction] <>
“Mahan Doctrine” group (1898-1904):  Guam; Puerto Rico; Philippines; Cuba; Hawaii, Panama <>

“Monroe Doctrine-Crisis of Capital” group (1905-1935):  Antarctica; Azores; Galapagos; Haiti; Liberia; Nicaragua; Samoa <>

“Welt Krieg” group (1939-1953): Antigua; Australia; Bahamas; Belgium; Bermuda; British Guiana; Burma; Denmark; France; Germany; Greece; Greenland; Iceland; Indonesia; Iran; Italy; Jamaica; Japan; Johnston Atoll; Korea; Marshall Islands; Midway Islands; Morocco; Netherlands; Newfoundland; New Zealand; Okinawa; Portugal; Spain; St. Lucia; Taiwan; Thailand; Trinidad; Turkey; United Kingdom; Vietnam <>

“Post-Monroe Doctrine-War on Drugs/Depopulation” group (1954-2002): Aruba, Bolivia; Brazil; Colombia; Costa Rica; DRC; Ecuador; El Salvador; Ghana; Guatemala; Honduras; Ivory Coast; Nigeria; Peru; Rwanda; Senegal <>

“Carter Doctrine” group (1978-1981):  Bahrain; Diego Garcia; Egypt; Israel; Kenya; Oman; Somalia <>

“New World Order-Persian Gulf” group (1990-1991): Kuwait; Qatar; Saudi Arabia; UAE; Yemen <>

“New World Order-Balkans” group (1991-2001):  Albania; Bosnia; Croatia; Hungary; Kosovo; Macedonia <>

“Afghanistan War/Caspian Basin” group (2000-2002): Afghanistan; Azerbaijan; Georgia; India; Kazakhstan; Kyrgyzstan; Pakistan; Tajikistan; Uzbekistan <>

6.       Chronological list of US murder toll: [under construction] <>

The murder toll has been achieved by either direct violence (e.g. the firebombing and nuking of Japan or the firebombing of Dresden) or indirect/proxy “low intensity conflict” (e.g. Rwanda in the 90s or Nicaragua in the 80s). (I have not here accounted for the deaths attributable to SAP.)  Some extremely conservative estimates— <>

Native Americans (1776-2002): 4M
West Africans (1776-1865): 4M
Philippines (1898-1904): 600K
Germany (1945): 200K
Japan (1945): 900K
China (1945-60): 200K
Greece (1947-49): 100K
Korea (1951-53):  2M
Guatemala (1954-2002): 300K
Vietnam (1960-75): 2M
Laos (1965-73): 500K
Cambodia (1969-75): 1M
Indonesia (1965): 500K
Colombia (1966-2002): 500K
Oman (1970): 10K
Bangladesh (1971): 2M
Uganda (1971-1979): 200K
Chile (1973-1990): 20K
East Timor (1975): 200K
Angola (1975-2002): 1.5M
Argentina (1976-1979): 30K
Afghanistan (1978-2002): 1M
El Salvador (1980-95): 100K
Nicaragua (1980-90): 100K
Mozambique (1981-1988): 1M
Turkey (1984-2002): 50K
Rwanda (1990-1996): 1M
Iraq (1991-2002): 1M
Somalia (1991-1994): 300K
Yugoslavia (1991-2002): 300K
Liberia (1992-2002): 150K
Burundi (1993-1999): 200K
Sudan (1998): 100K
Congo (1998-2002): 3M
<> We should also take note that the United States bears more than superficial responsibility for the Nazi Holocaust: e.g., the turning away of Jewish, Romani, and other refugees; funding the concentration camp system; underwriting the Third Reich’s military; delay in opening a western front; policies of appeasement before the war; siding with the fascists during the Spanish Civil War; turning down Stalin’s offer to attack Germany jointly in 1938; providing theoretical inspiration for lebensraum, final solutions, anti-communism, anti-Semitism, etc; rebuilding Germany after the war with the fascist infrastructure still intact; saving war criminals; general ideological support; and so forth. <>

7.                    Alphabetical list of rightwing dictators, reactionary movements, and other reprehensible figures empowered/materially supported by the US: [under construction] It seems as though the number one criterion for getting a job as the head of a client state is a willingness to butcher leftists.  Indeed, the use of unsavory rightists by the United States began neither with the anti-Castro Cuban émigré community, nor with the Afghan mujaheddin alumni, oh Nelly no! <>

[the dates provided are sloppily done, I concede.  At times, they are just the general duration of the given regime (e.g., Selassie). Most others are the duration of US support while the regime lasted (e.g., Hitler, Saddam Hussein, etc.)] <>

Abacha, Sani (Nigeria: 1993-2000)
Afwerki, Isaias (Eritrea: 1993-2002)
Amin, Idi (Uganda: 1971-1979)
Arévalo, Marco (Guatemala: 1985-1991)
Bakr, Ahmad (Iraq: 1968-1979)
Banzer Suarez, Hugo (Bolivia: 1971-1978)
Bao Dai (Vietnam: 1949-1955)
Barak, Ehud (Israel: 1999-2001)
Barre, Siad (Somalia: 1979-1991)
Batista, Fulgencio (Cuba: 1940-44/1952-1959)
Begin, Menachem (Israel: 1977-1983)
Ben-Gurion, David (Israel: 1948-1953, 1955-1963)
Betancourt Bello, Rumulo (Venezuela: 1959-1964)
Bokassa, Jean-Bedel (Central African Republic: 1966-1976)
Bolkiah, Sir Hassanal (Brunei: 1984-2002)
Botha, P.W. (South Africa: 1978-1989)
Branco, Humberto (Brazil: 1964-1966)
Carmona, Pedro (Venezuela: 2002)
Cedras, Raoul (Haiti: 1991)
Chamoun, Camille (Lebanon: 1952-1958)
Chiang Kai-shek (China: 1928-1949/Taiwan: 1949-1975)
Christiani, Alfredo (El Salvador: 1989-1994)
Chun Doo Hwan (S. Korea: 1980-1988)
Cordova, Roberto (Honduras: 1981-1985)
Diaz, Porfirio (Mexico: 1876-1911)
Diem, Ngo Dinh (S. Vietnam: 1955-1963)
Doe, Samuel (Liberia: 1980-90)
Duvalier, Francois (Haiti: 1957-1971) _Duvalier, Jean Claude (Haiti: 1971-1986)
Eshkol, Levi (Israel: 1963-1969)
Fahd bin’Abdul-‘Aziz (Saudi Arabia: 1969-2002)
Feisal, King (Iraq: 1939-1958)
Franco, Francisco (Spain: 1937-1975)
Fujimori, Alberto (Peru: 1990-2002)
Habre, Hissen (Chad: 1982-1990);
Hassan II  (Morocco: 1961-1999)
Hitler, Adolf  (Germany: 1933-1939)
Hussein, King (Jordan: 1952-1999)
Hussein, Saddam (Iraq: 1979-1990)
Kabila, Laurent (CDR: 1997-1998)
Karzai, Hamid (Afghanistan: 2001-2002)
Khan, Ayub (Pakistan: 1958-1969)
Koirala, B. (Nepal: 1959-1960)
Lon Nol (Cambodia: 1970-1975)
Marcos, Ferdinand  (Philippines: 1965-1986)
Martinez, Maximiliano  (El Salvador: 1931-1944)
Meir, Golda (Israel: 1969-1974)
Meles Zenawi (Ethiopia: 1995-2002)
Mobutu Sese Seko  (Zaire: 1965-1997)
Moi, Daniel (Kenya: 1978-2002)
Montt, Efrain (Guatemala: 1982-1983)
Mubarak, Hosni (Egypt: 1981-2002)
Museveni, Yoweri (Uganda: 1986-2002)
Musharaf, Pervez (Pakistan: 1999-2002)
Mussolini, Benito (Italy: 1922-1939)
Netanyahu, Benjamin (Israel: 1996-1999)
Noriega, Manuel (Panama: 1983-1989)
Odria, Manuel (Peru: 1948-1956)
Omar, Mohamed (Afghanistan: 1996-2001)
Ozal, Turgut  (Turkey: 1989-1993)
Pahlevi , Rezi (Iran: 1953-1979)
Papadopoulos, George  (Greece: 1967-1973)
Park Chung Hee (S. Korea: 1960-1979)
Pastrana, Andres (Colombia: 1998-2002)
Peres, Shimon (Israel: 1977, 1984-1986, 1995-1996)
Perez  Jimenez, Marcos (Venezuela: 1952-58)
Pinilla, Gustavo (Colombia: 1953-1957)
Pinochet, Augusto (Chile: 1973-1990)
Pol Pot (Cambodia: 1975-1998)
al-Qaddafi, Muammar (Libya: 1969-1971)
Rabin, Yitzhak (Israel: 1974-1977, 1992-1995)
Rabuka, Sitiveni  (Fiji: 1987, 1992-1999)
Al Sadat, Anwar (Egypt: 1970-1981)
Selassie, Halie  (Ethiopia: 1941-1974)
Salazar, Antonio (Portugal: 1932-1968)
Saud, Abdul Aziz (Saudi Arabia: 1944-1969)
Seaga, Edward (Jamaica: 1980-1989)
Shamir, Yitzhak (Israel: 1983-1984; 1986-1992)
Sharett, Moshe (Israel: 1953-1955)
Sharon, Ariel (Israel: 2001-2002)
Smith, Ian  (Rhodesia: 1965-1979)
Somoza Sr., Anastasio (Nicaragua: 1936-1956)
Somoza Jr., Anastasio (Nicaragua: 1963-1979)
Stroessner, Alfredo  (Paraguay: 1954-1989)
Suharto, General (Indonesia: 1966-1999)
Syngman Rhee (S. Korea: 1948-1960)
Tolbert, William (Liberia: 1971-1980)
Trujillo, Rafael (Dominican Republic: 1930-1960)
Tubman, William (Liberia: 1944-1971)
Uribe, Alvaro (Colombia: 2002)
Videla, Jorge (Argentina: 1976-1981)
Yeltsin, Boris (Russia: 1991-1999)
Zaim, Hosni (Syria: 1949)
Zia Ul-Haq, Mohammed  (Pakistan: 1977-1988)
<>      other nasty nasties:
RPF (contra French client Rwanda);
SPLA contra Islamist Sudan, (a French client);
clients in Cameroon, Congo, Ivory Coast, Togo and Benin, after subverted elections (contra French proxies);
AFDL (Kabila);
Dalai Lama (Tibet);
bin Laden’s al Qaida;

Nazi war criminals and collaborators knowingly rescued in the years after WW2 by US intelligence for use as covert assets against the USSR:  <> R. Gehlen; O. Skorzeny; A. Brunner; O. von Bolschwing; W. von Braun; M. Lebed; A. Vlasov; I. Docheff; K. Dragonovich; I. Bogolepov; C. Bolydreff; A. Berzins; H. Herwarth; K. Barbie; I. Demjanjuk; W. Dornberger; V. Hazners; B. Maikovskis; E. Laipenieks; N. Nazarenko; L. Pasztor; R. Ostrowsky; L. Kairys; P. Shandruk; T. Soobzokov; S. Stankievich; and literally thousands of others.
8.                    List of “international” bodies designed/employed/perverted by the United States: [under construction]
<>                 UN/ OECD/ WHO
G8/IMF/WB/WTO/NAFTA/MAI/FTAA/Colombo Plan
NATO/SEATO/CTO/ANZUS/OAS
9.                    Chronological list of interventions by the United States, with the purpose of opposing (or aiding opposition to) popular resistance movements—whether by means of overt force (OF) or covert operation (CO):
<>                 [Date – place (targeted movement): outcome (means)]

1776-1865 – United States (numerous slave rebellions): success (OF)
1782-1787 – United States (Wyoming Valley): success (OF)
1786-1787 – United States (Shay’s Rebellion): success (OF)
1790-1795 – United States (Ohio Valley tribes): success (OF)
1794-1794 – United States (Whiskey Rebellion): success (OF)
1798-1800 – United States (Alien & Sedition trials): success (CO)
1799-1799 – United States (Fries’ Rebellion): success (OF)
1805-1806 – United States (Boston union “conspiracy”): success (CO)
1806-1807 – United States (Burr’s Insurrection): success (OF)
1810-1821 – Spanish Florida (Africans, Natives, etc): success (OF)
1811-1811 – United States (Tecumseh’s Confederacy): success (OF)
1813-1814 – United States (Creeks): success (OF)
1822-1822 – United States (Vesey’s Rebellion): success (CO)
1823-1824 – United States (Arikara): success (OF)
1826-1827 – United States (Philadelphia union “conspiracy”): success (CO)
1827-1827 – United States (Fever River & Winnebago): success (OF)
1831-1831 – United States (Turner’s rebellion): success (OF)
1831-1831 – United States (Sac & Fox):  success (OF)
1832-1832 – United States (Black Hawks): success (OF)
1833-1834 – Argentina (rebellion): success (OF)
1835-1835 – United States (Murrel’s Uprising): success (CO)
1835-1836 – Peru (rebellion): success (OF)
1835-1842 – United States (Seminoles): success (OF)
1836-1837 – United States (Sabine, Osage): success (OF)
1836-1844 – Mexico (anti-Texans, Natives, etc): success (OF)
1837-1838 – United States (massive strikes): success (OF)
1838-1839 – United States (Mormons): success (OF)
1842-1842 – United States (Dorr’s Rebellion): success (OF)
1847-1855 – United States (Cayuse): success (OF)
1850-1851 – United States (Mariposa tribes): success (OF)
1851-1859 – United States (Washington tribes): success (OF)
1852-1853 – Argentina (rebellion in Buenos Aires): success (OF
1854-1856 – China (rebellion): success (OF)
1855-1856 – United States (Sioux): success (OF)
1855-1858 – United States (Seminoles): success (OF)
1855-1858 – Nicaragua (Walker’s invasion): success (OF)
1855-1860 – United States (“Bleeding Kansas”): success (OF)
1857-1857 – United States (Cheyenne): success (OF)
1857-1858 – United States (Mormons): success (OF)
1858-1858 – Uruguay (rebellion in Montevideo): success (OF)
1858-1859 – United States (Comanche): success (OF)
1859-1859 – United States (Brownists at Harper’s Ferry): success (OF)
1860-1860 – Angola (rebellion in Kissembo): success (OF)
1860-1861 – Colombia (rebellion): success (OF)
1861-1865 – United States (confederate rebellion): success (OF)
1861-1865 – United States (Navajo): success (OF)
1861-1886 – United States (Apache): success (OF)
1862-1864 – United States (Sioux): success (OF)
1863-1863 – United States (draft riots): success (OF)
1863-1864 – United States (massive strikes): success (OF)
1864-1864 – United States (Sand Hill Massacre): success (OF)
1865-1865 – Panama (rebellion): success (OF)
1865-1867 – United States (Sioux): success (OF)
1867-1867 – Formosa (rebellion): success (OF)
1867-1875 – United States (Comanche): success (OF)
1868-1868 – Japan (rebellion): success (OF)]
1868-1868 – United States (Washita/South Plains tribes): success (OF)
1868-1868 – Uruguay (rebellion): success (OF)
1871-1871 – Korea (rebellion): success (OF)
1872-1873 – United States (Modocs): success (OF)
1874-1875 – United States (Red River War): success (OF)
1874-1874 – United States (Kiowa): success (OF)
1876-1877 – United States (Sioux/Cheyenne): success (OF)
1877-1877 – United States (St Louis general strike, others): success (OF)
1877-1877 – United States (Nez Perce): success (OF)
1878-1878 – United States (Idaho tribes): success (OF)
1878-1879 – United States (Cheyenne): success (OF)
1879-1880 – United States (Ute): success (OF)
1885-1885 – United States (New York textile strikes): failure (OF)
1886-1886 – United States (massive strikes, Haymarket): success (OF)
1888-1888 – Korea (rebellion): success (OF)
1888-1893 – Hawaii (rebellion contra Dole): success (OF)
1888-1889 – Samoa (rebellion): success (OF)
1890-1891 – United States (Pine Ridge, Wounded Knee): success (OF)
1891-1891 – Haiti (Navassa uprising): success (OF)
1891-1892 – Chile (rebellion): success (OF)
1892-1892 – United States (Idaho miners): success (OF)
1893-1894 – United States (massive strikes): success (OF)
1894-1894 – Nicaragua (Bluefields unrest): success (OF)
1894-1894 – United States (Chicago rail/Pullman strikes): success (OF)
1894-1895 – Brazil (rebellion): success (OF)
1894-1896 – Korea (post Sino-Japanese war rebellion): success (OF)
1896-1899 – Nicaragua (rebellions): success (OF)
1898-1900 – United States (Chippewa at Leech Lake): success (OF)
1898-1902 – Philippines (nationalist resistance): success (OF)
1899-1899 – Samoa (Mataafa): success (OF)
1899-1901 – United States (Idaho miners): success (OF)
1900-1941 – China (Boxers, communists, etc): success (OF)
1901-1901 – United States (Creek uprising): success (OF)
1901-1901 – United States (Steel strikes): failure (OF)
1901-1902 – Colombia (rebellions): success (OF)
1901-1913 – Philippines (Moslem Moro rebellion): success (OF)
1903-1903 – Honduras (rebellion): success (OF)
1903-1904 – Dominican Republic (rebellion): success (OF)
1904-1909 – United States (Kentucky tobacco farmers): success (OF)
1906-1909 – Cuba (rebellion): success (OF)
1907-1911 – Honduras (leftists, Bonilla): success (OF)
1909-1911 – United States (NY/Triangle textile strikes): failure (OF)
1911-1912 – China (rebellions): success (OF)
1912-1925 – Nicaragua (leftists): success (OF)
1913-1919 – Mexico (various rebellions, Villa): failure (OF)
1914-1914 – United States (Ludlow Massacre): success (OF)
1914-1924 – Dominican Republic (various factions): success (OF)
1915-1934 – Haiti (Sam, etc): success (OF)
1916-1917 – United States (Arizona miners strike): success (OF)
1917-1918 – United States (IWW): success (CO)
1917-1919 – United States (Espionage Act trials): success (CO)
1917-1922 – Cuba (rebellions): success (OF)
1918-1920 – Panama (strikes, election protests, etc): success (OF)
1919-1919 – Honduras (rebellion): success (OF)
1919-1920 – United States (Palmer Raids): success (CO)
1919-1920 – Costa Rica (Tinoco, etc): success (CO)
1919-1920 – United States (Great Steel Strike, others): success (OF)
1920-1921 – United States (West Virginian miners): success (OF)
1920-1928 – United States (prison rebellions): success (OF)
1920-1920 – Guatemala (Unionists): success (OF)
1922-1922 – Turkey (Nationalists): success (OF)
1922-1923 – United States (massive strikes): success (OF)
1924-1925 – Honduras (rebellions): success (OF)
1925-1925 – Panama (general strike): success (OF)
1926-1933 – Nicaragua (Sandino, others): success (OF)
1931-1932 – El Salvador (Marti): success (OF)
1932-1932 – United States (DC Bonus Strikers): success (OF)
1933-1933 – Cuba (rebellion): success (OF)
1935-1935 – Philippines (Sakdal Uprising): success (OF)
1938-1957 – United States (leftists: HUAC, McCarthyism): success (CO)
1943-1946 – United States (unprecedented strikes): success (OF)
1944-1951 – Greece (EAM/ELAS/KKE): success (CO)
1945-1949 – China (maoism): failure (OF)
1945-1954 – Vietnam (Viet Minh): failure (CO)
1946-1947 – S. Korea (mass resistance to US military rule): success (OF)
1947-1950 – Turkey (TKP): success (CO)
1948-1948 – S. Korea (democratic resistance): success (OF)
1948-1954 – Philippines (Huks): success (CO)
1950-1951 – United States (Puerto Rican independence): success (OF)
1950-1953 – United States (many prison rebellions): success (OF)
1952-1975 – Japan (general anti-US protests): success (OF)
1952-1957 – Japan (protestors in Okinawa): success (OF)
1953-1963 – Syria (ASRP/Baathists): failure (CO)
1954-1962 – Algeria (FLN): failure (CO)
1956-1971 – United States (Cointelpro-CPUSA): success (CO)
1956-1975 – South Vietnam (NLF): failure (OF)
1957-1959 – Lebanon (leftists): success (OF)
1957-1958 – Jordan (leftists/anti-monarchists): success (OF)
1959-1960 – Haiti (rebels contra Duvalier): success (OF)
1960-1971 – United States (Cointelpro-Puertorriquenos): success (CO)
1960-1966 – Peru (leftist rebels/PCP): success (CO)
1960-1963 – Venezuela (FALN; leftist): success (CO)
1962-1969 – United States (Cointelpro-SWP): success (CO)
1963-1965 – El Salvador (various rebels): success (CO)
1964-1964 – Panama (Canal activists): success (OF)
1965-1968 – United States (mass urban race riots): failure (OF)
1965-1966 – Dominican Republic (Bosch supporters): success (OF)
1965-1966 – Indonesia (PKI): success (CO)
1965-2000 – East Timor (independence movement): failure (CO)
1966-1973 – United States (massive antiwar protest): failure (OF)
1966-2002 – Colombia (FARC/ELN): success (CO)
1966-1988 – Namibia (SWAPO): failure (CO)
1966-1967 – Guatemala (leftists): success (CO)
1967-1971 – United States (Cointelpro-SCLC, BPP, CORE, etc): failure (CO)
1967-1967 – United States (Detroit black workers): success (OF)
1967-1971 – Uruguay (Tupamaros): success (CO)
1967-1968 – United States (San Quentin prison rebellions): success (OF)
1967-1969 – Japan (protestors in Okinawa): success (OF)
1968-1969 – United States (MLK assassination riots): success (OF)
1968-1971 – United States (Cointelpro-SDS): success (CO)
1969-1970 – United States (IAT at Alcatraz): success (OF)
1969-1970 – Oman (Dhufar Rebellion): success (CO)
1969-2002 – Philippines (maoism): success (CO)
1970-1970 – United States (several prison rebellions): success (OF)
1970-1970 – United States (campus uprisings: KSU, etc): success (OF)
1970-1970 – Jordan (Palestinian resistance): success (CO)
1970-1972 – Bangladesh (independence movement): failure (CO)
1970-1972 – Trinidad (rebellions): success (OF)
1971-1971 – United States (post-Jackson murder prison riots): success (OF)
1972-1973 – Nicaragua (Sandinistas): success (OF)
1973-1973 – United States (Lakota at Wounded Knee): success (OF)
1973-1976 – United States (Cointelpro-AIM): success (CO)
1974-2002 – Israel (PLO): success (CO)
1974-2002 – Turkey (PKK): success (CO)
1977-1978 – United States (coal miners): failure (OF)
1980-2002 – Peru (MRTA/Shining Path): success (CO)
1981-1992 – El Salvador (FMLN, etc): success (CO)
1981-1990 – Honduras (PCH, FPR, etc): success (CO)
1981-1981 – United States (air controllers strike): success (OF)
1982-1983 – Morocco (MOL): success (CO)
1982-1984 – Lebanon (leftist & Moslem resistance): failure (OF)
1986-1990 – Bolivia (peasants): success (OF)
1989-1989 – St. Croix (Black rebellion): success (OF)
1992-1992 – United States (LA uprising): success (OF)
1994-2002 – Mexico (EZLN/Zapatistas): success (CO)
1995-1998 – Japan (protestors in Okinawa): success (OF)
1996-2002 – Nepal (CPN): success (CO)
<> 10.                 US as “isolationist” pre-1941? hahahahaha!  DoS-confessed conflicts & interventions up to WW2 (NB other unconfessed exist—tracking them is the tricky part). <>

Contra major European powers— <>

France:  1798-1800, 1806-10
Germany: 1917-18, 1941-45
Great Britain: 1775-1783, 1812-1815
Spain [and colonies]: 1806-10, 1812, 1813, 1814, 1816-18, 1898
USSR: 1918-22
<>
Contra minor powers, colonies, marginal states, non-European major powers— <>

Abyssina: 1903-4
“Africa” [west coast]: 1820-23, 1843 [allegedly contra “slave trade”]
Amelia Is.: 1812, 1817
Algeria/Algiers: 1815 [the 2nd Barbary War]
Angola: 1860
Argentina: 1833, 1852-3, 1890
“Bering Sea”: 1891 [contra alleged “seal poaching” LOL]
Brazil: 1894
“Caribbean”: 1814-25 [contra alleged “piracy”]
Chile: 1891
China: 1843, 1854-6, 1859, 1866, 1894-5, 1898-9, 1900, 1911, 1912-41
Colombia: 1868, 1873, 1895, 1902
Costa Rica: 1921
Cuba: 1822-25, 1906-9, 1912, 1917-22, 1933
Dominican Republic: 1799, 1903-4, 1914
Egypt: 1882
Falklands: 1831-2
Fiji: 1840, 1855, 1858 [the most curious in the bunch, IMHO]
Formosa: 1867
Greece: 1827
Greenland: 1941 [“defense” agreement]
Guatemala: 1920
Haiti: 1888, 1891, 1914, 1915-34
Hawaii: 1870, 1874, 1893
Honduras: 1903, 1907, 1911, 1912, 1919, 1924-5
Iceland: 1941 [“defense” agreement]
Italy: 1941-43
Japan: 1853-4, 1863, 1868, 1941-45
Johanna Is.: 1851
Kingsmills Is.: 1841
Korea: 1871, 1888, 1889, 1894-6, 1904-5
Libya/Tripoli: 1801-1805, 1815 [the 1st and 3rd Barbary Wars]
Marquesa Is.: 1813-4
Mexico: 1806, 1836, 1842, 1844, 1846-8, 1859, 1866, 1870, 1873, 1876, 1913-9
Morocco: 1904
Nicaragua: 1853, 1854, 1857, 1869, 1894, 1896, 1898-9, 1910, 1912-25, 1926-33
Panama: [Colo] 1856, 1860, 1865, 1885, 1901, [indep] 1903-14, 1918-21, 1925
Paraguay: 1859
Peru: 1835-6
Philippines: 1899-1901
Puerto Rico: 1824, 1899
Samoa: 1841, 1888-9, 1899
Smyrna: 1849
Sumatra: 1832, 1838-9
Surinam: 1941
Turkey: 1851, 1858-9, 1912, 1917-8, 1919, 1922
Uruguay: 1855, 1858, 1868
Yugoslavia: 1919
<> Scanning the official public acknowledgment list here, we clearly see that the US had extreme paranoia about China, Mexico, Nicaragua, and Panama:  Open Doors, “uncooperative” neighbors, and two potential canal zones.  Also, check the rationale in the official Defense Dept. record for each of the above conflict dates.  Many, many times, we have the “to protect US interests [or “nationals”] during a crisis” as the proposed justification. Caveat lector.
11.                 Noteworthy Covert Operations conducted by the United States.  We should keep in mind that the dates given are the confessed dates of operation.  In no way does this account for programs that continued to run after they were officially terminated, nor does it reckon with the same practices under different names—or no names at all.  It should go without saying that this isn’t a complete listing.
<>                 Overcast (1945-46): OSS rescuing Nazi military scientists for US use
Crowcass: 1945-48): locating thousands of Nazis for later use
Paperclip (1946-1954): continuation and expansion of Overcast
Mockingbird (1947-2002): CIA control of mass media
Bloodstone (1948-50): infiltrating fascists into the USSR
Gladio (1949-90): terrorist actions to discredit the left; assassination, etc.
MK-Ultra (1953-1963): CIA experiments with LSD, etc on non-volunteers
Cointelpro (1956-71): FBI destabilization of CP, AIM, SDS, civil rights, etc.
Celeste (1960-61): CIA assassination of UN secretary-general Dag Hammarskjold
Mongoose (1961-63): assassinating Castro
Merrimac (1967-68): CIA surveillance of DC
Resistance (1967-68): CIA spying on US student movements
Chaos (1968-1974): CIA domestic espionage on students, activists, etc
Garden Plot (1968-2002): DoD plans for mass repression/concentration camps
Grillflame (1971-1991): CIA “ESP troopers” i.e. over-horizon radar
Echelon (1972-2002): NSA electronic surveillance of all communication
Condor (1975-1977): Security arrangement in S. America to kill leftists
Cyclone (1979-2002): funding violent Islamic fundamentalist groups
Promis (1981-2002): CIA, etc surveillance of financial transactions
JCET (1991-2002): “foreign internal defense” training programs
Roots (1993-1999): CIA sows fascistic propaganda in Yugoslavia
Storm (1995): ethnic cleansing of Serbs from Krajina
Carnivore (1999-2002): FBI surveillance of www posts, listservs, etc
Magic Lantern (2001-2002): FBI surveillance of PC keystrokes.
Tips (2002-): DoJ civilian informants and denunciations
<> 12.                 Prominent Front Organizations used to advance US imperialist interests: <>

Adolph Coors Foundation: rightist propaganda slush-fund
AFL-CIO: CIA controlled labor organization
African American Institute: CIA front group
American Council for International Commission of Jurists: CIA front
American Enterprise Foundation: rightist think-tank
American Federation of State, County, and Municipal Employees: CIA front
American Foreign Policy Council:  rightist think-tank
American Friends of the Middle East: CIA front group
American Newspaper Guild: CIA front group
American Society of African Culture: CIA front group
Brookings Institution: rightist think-tank
CANF: anti-Castro lobbyist
Cato Institute: rightist think-tank
Carnegie Endowment: rightist think-tank
Center for Security Policy: rightist think-tank
Center for Strategic and International Studies: rightist think-tank
Competitive Enterprise Institute: rightist think-tank
Ethics and Public Policy Center: rightist think-tank
Ford Foundation: CIA front group
Freedom Forum: rightist think-tank
Fund for International Social and Economic Education: CIA front group
Heritage Foundation: rightist think-tank
Hoover Institution: rightist think-tank
Hudson Institute: rightist think-tank
Institute for Historical Review:  neo-fascist lobbyist; Holocaust denier
Institute for International Economics: rightist think-tank
Institute for International Labor Research: CIA front group
International Development Foundation: CIA front group
International Institute for Strategic Studies: rightist think-tank
John Birch Society: virulent anti-communist publicist
John M. Olin Foundation: rightist propaganda slush-fund
Koch Family Foundations: rightist propaganda slush-fund
Liberty Lobby: neo-fascist agitprop
Lynde and Harry Bradley Foundation: rightist propaganda slush-fund
Manhattan Institute: rightist think-tank
National Education Association: CIA front group
National Endowment for Democracy: CIA front group
National Student Association:  CIA front group
Progress and Freedom Foundation: rightist think-tank
Progressive Policy Institute: rightist think-tank
RAND Corporation: rightist think-tank
Reason Foundation: rightist think-tank
Scaife Family Foundations: rightist propaganda slush-fund
Smith Richardson Foundation: rightist propaganda slush-fund
Soros Foundation: CIA front group
USAID:  official humanitarian front used to control food politics
USIA: primary disseminator of official “white propaganda”

13.                 “Low intensity wars” conducted by the United States and its proxies (“medium intensity warfare” = direct and usually acknowledged involvement of US military apparatus; “high intensity warfare” = Dr. Strangelove stuff:  “nuclear combat toe-to-toe with the Russkies,” &c).  <>

The primary goal of low intensity conflict is to use proxies, intelligence, and special forces to destabilize a region and its official government.  The purpose of destabilization is to achieve 1) access to resources amidst the chaos, 2) delegitimation of an “enemy” political/economic system, 3) influence over specific local groups, and 4) depopulation of regions inhabited by “untermenschen.”  <>

All leftists should learn about low intensity warfare; it is by far and away one of the most disgusting and useful tools in the imperialist repertoire.  Don’t let the words “low intensity” trick you: rivers are dammed with corpses and the fields are sown with the blood of the targeted nation. <>

1950s: Poland; Ukraine; Russia, China; Thailand; Burma <>
1960s: Congo; Vietnam; Laos; Cambodia; Thailand; Burma <>
1970s: Congo; Vietnam; Laos; Cambodia <>
1980s: Congo; Cambodia; Nicaragua; Afghanistan; Mozambique; Angola; Ethiopia; Yemen; Western Sahara <>
1990s:  Congo; Cambodia; Afghanistan; Yugoslavia; Nigeria; Sierra Leone; Guinea-Bissau; Colombia; Liberia; Sudan; Central African Republic; Equatorial Guinea  <>

14.                 Proxy Wars fought by the United States, which typically involves the use of clients, dupes, mercenaries, unofficial “volunteers,” and official, though disavowable, special forces.  [under construction] <>

contra Soviet Union:  stock-in-trade Cold War superpower jousting <>

contra France:  after the Soviet Union ended all activities in Africa, the US began its bid to force French proxies out of North Africa. <>

contra Germany:  during the 1990s, Germany and the US used multiple proxies to fight over control of the Balkans, with its precious “Corridor 8,” thereby ruining the entire region. <>

contra China: from Cold War crimes to New World Order harassment, the US has used many proxies against the Chinese:  Thai, Tibetan, Burmese, Japanese, Korean, Vietnamese, Cambodian, Islamic, Taiwanese.

<>15.                 Foreign policy doctrines more or less practiced by the United States. <>

Monroe Doctrine – western hemisphere = US property; non-whites = untermenschen <>

McKinley Doctrine – Open Door Policy i.e., China, Pacific = potentially, possibly, most likely US property; non-whites = untermenschen <>

Roosevelt Corollary – western hemisphere = US property, and we mean it this time! non-whites = untermenschen <>

Taft Doctrine – Dollar Diplomacy i.e., western hemisphere = US property, and we mean economically, politically, and all other ways; the Middle East = potentially, possibly, most likely, US property <>

Wilson Doctrine – 14 Points internationalism (i.e., great powers should respect each other; to hell with the rest); western hemisphere = US property, and we really mean it this time! non-whites = untermenschen <>

Roosevelt Doc

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